基于不确定性语言型多属性决策人机功能分配方法研究(英文)

功能分配是人机设计过程中一个必然阶段,因为合适的功能分配能够让整个系统更加有效更加可靠。因此,我们主要对人机系统的人机功能分配问题进行研究,根据人、机的内在特征,分析了人、机各自的能力优势并进行了比较。针对实际过程中决策属性值具有高度不确定性的特点,将ULMADM(不确定语言多属性决策)方法引入功能分配过程,采用不确定扩展加权算术平均(UEWAA)算子确定功能自动化等级范围,基于UEWAA算子和不确定语言混合集结(ULHA)算子相结合的多属性群决策算法最终确定驾驶舱人机功能分配的自动化等级。最后,以民机驾驶舱"故障诊断"功能分配为例进行了计算,验证了所提出的功能分配方法的可行性和有效性。     

Shock/shock interactions between bodies and wings

This paper examines the Shock/Shock Interactions (SSI) between the body and wing of aircraft in supersonic flows. The body is simplified to a flat wedge and the wing is assumed to be a sharp wing. The theoretical spatial dimension reduction method, which transforms the 3D problem into a 2D one, is used to analyze the SSI between the body and wing. The temperature and pressure behind the Mach stem induced by the wing and body are obtained, and the wave configurations in the corner are determined. Numerical validations are conducted by solving the inviscid Euler equations in 3D with a Non-oscillatory and Non-free-parameters Dissipative (NND) finite difference scheme. Good agreements between the theoretical and numerical results are obtained. Additionally, the effects of the wedge angle and sweep angle on wave configurations and flow field are considered numerically and theoretically. The influences of wedge angle are significant, whereas the effects of sweep angle on wave configurations are negligible. This paper provides useful information for the design and thermal protection of aircraft in supersonic and hypersonic flows.     

缝式机匣处理对对转压气机的扩稳机理

为探索缝式机匣处理在对转压气机中的适用性，采用数值模拟的方法研究了缝式机匣处理对对转压气机气动性能和稳定裕度的影响。通过分析缝式机匣处理对压气机总体性能和叶尖流场的影响，以揭示缝式机匣处理在对转压气机中的扩稳机理。研究表明：缝式机匣处理可以提高对转压气机的失速裕度，机匣处理的轴向位置对对转压气机的气动性能和失速裕度有显著的影响。随着机匣处理的前移，对转压气机峰值效率的亏损逐渐减小，而失速裕度改善程度相差不大。机匣处理缝的抽吸和射流效应减弱了转子R2叶顶通道的堵塞程度，通过抑制叶尖泄漏流和二次泄漏流的发展以推迟失速的发生，进而实现扩稳。此外，缝式机匣处理时可能改变该对转压气机的最先失速级，同时也证明了缝式机匣处理在变工况下扩稳的有效性。     

W 型钡铁氧体的研究进展

W型钡铁氧体具有吸波性能好、价格低廉的特点,因此,越来越引起广泛的重视和深入的研究。本文介绍了W型钡铁氧体BaMe2Fe16O27的主要制备方法,总结了Me为不同元素以及稀土离子掺杂时W型钡铁氧体的研究现状,展望了W型钡铁氧体未来的研究方向。     

捷联惯导加速度计尺寸效应误差建模及其标定

高动态条件下,加速度计（简称加计）的尺寸效应将成为捷联惯导系统精确导航的重要误差源。这个误差源于加计组合中三个加计振动中心（有效的加速度测量点）的不重合。从几何角度对加计尺寸效应误差进行了建模。设计了三类基于精密三轴速率转台的加计尺寸标定方案,即匀角速度旋转、匀角加速度旋转和正弦角加速度旋转方案。以旋转过程中捷联惯导系统的速度输出作为量测,利用Kalman滤波器可以实现对加计尺寸系数的有效估计。利用分段定常系统可观性分析方法研究表明,三类旋转标定机动均能使系统状态完全可观测。仿真结果证明了三类标定方案的有效性,而以匀角速度旋转方案估计过程最平稳,以正弦角加速度旋转方案估计精度最高。     

高光谱图像压缩感知投影与复合正则重构

压缩感知理论提供了一种新的数据获取和压缩思路,能有效地把计算负担从编码端转移到解码端。高光谱数据具备数据稀疏性、空间相关性和谱间相关性,结合这3类先验知识,提出了一种基于复合正则化的高光谱图像压缩感知投影与重构方法。该方法的编码端只需要一个简单的投影操作;在重构算法实现中,基于变量分裂的思想,把具备多个正则项的优化问题转化成多个简单的优化问题,并用迭代方式求解。实验结果表明,本文算法在高光谱图像重构上能获得更高的峰值信噪比和更好的重构效果。该方法具备极低的编码复杂度,适用于资源受限的机载和星载高光谱成像平台。     

轴承腔油气两相介质流动与热分析

为获得轴承腔油气两相介质流动与热分析计算方法,探究轴承腔油气两相介质流动换热规律。以某发动机轴承腔结构为对象,运用CFD方法分析轴承腔中两相介质流动速度、温度分布、体积分数和传热系数分布。基于试验获取轴承腔内外不同位置局部温度,利用温度梯度法计算热流获得传热系数。结果表明:两相介质的流动速度随径向高度增大呈现先增大后减小趋势,在无量纲径向高度为0.6时流速最大。轴承腔中转子及壁面之间的区域两相介质的温度随径向坐标增大呈现先减小后增大趋势。轴承腔内滑油主要分布在回油池及轴承腔外壁面上,回油池旁边其剪力分量和重力方向一致区域的油膜较薄,局部传热系数较小,其方向相反区域的油膜较厚,局部传热系数较大。      

Experimental investigation of the full coverage film cooling effectiveness of a turbine blade with shaped holes

The film cooling effectiveness of two turbine blades at different turbulence intensities(0.62% and 16.00%) and mass flux ratios(2.91%, 5.82%, 8.73% and 11.63%) is studied by using the Pressure-Sensitive Paint(PSP) measurement technique. There are a baseline and an improved turbine blade in current work, and their film cooling hole position distribution is the same. But the hole shape on suction surface and pressure surface is changed from cylindrical hole(baseline)to laid-back fan-shaped hole(im...     

自由液体射流冲击高速旋转圆盘的耦合换热

为了研究自由液体射流冲击均匀加热高速旋转圆盘的耦合换热特性，采用数值模拟方法对比分析了固体和流体材料参数对流动及换热的影响。结果表明：不同固体材料参数对应的努塞尔数分布规律相似，同一半径位置处的努塞尔数最大相对偏差不大于10%。与径向温度分布相比，轴向温度差受固体材料导热系数变化的影响更大，铜和泡沫砖的径向最大温差仅相差3倍，而与导热系数近似呈反比的最大轴向温差相差达3 471倍。圆盘表面液膜平均径向流速和换热性能随流体黏度的增加而下降。黏度较小的氨和水对应的二次峰值换热强度较一次峰值的增加量超过了15%，黏度较高油类的二次峰值换热强度仅为一次峰值的50%～60%。射流介质采用黏度较小的水和氨时，盘面温度几乎保持不变，最大温差比小于7.86×10^-4；黏度较大的油类作为射流介质时在驻点附近的温度变化剧烈，当R/d超过2.5后，温度分布仅有小幅的波动。     

Reliability and reliability sensitivity analysis of structure by combining adaptive linked importance sampling and Kriging reliability method

The application of reliability analysis and reliability sensitivity analysis methods to complicated structures faces two main challenges: small failure probability (typical less than 10⁻⁵) and time-demanding mechanical models. This paper proposes an improved active learning surrogate model method, which combines the advantages of the classical Active Kriging – Monte Carlo Simulation (AK-MCS) procedure and the Adaptive Linked Importance Sampling (ALIS) procedure. The proposed procedure can, on the one hand, adaptively produce a series of intermediate sampling density approaching the quasi-optimal Importance Sampling (IS) density, on the other hand, adaptively generate a set of intermediate surrogate models approaching the true failure surface of the rare failure event. Then, the small failure probability and the corresponding reliability sensitivity indices are efficiently estimated by their IS estimators based on the quasi-optimal IS density and the surrogate models. Compared with the classical AK-MCS and Active Kriging – Importance Sampling (AK-IS) procedure, the proposed method neither need to build very large sample pool even when the failure probability is extremely small, nor need to estimate the Most Probable Points (MPPs), thus it is computationally more efficient and more applicable especially for problems with multiple MPPs. The effectiveness and engineering applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by one numerical test example and two engineering applications.